Communication is one of the most important aspects of human interaction. It is how we connect, exchange information, and understand one another. However, communication can also be a source of frustration, especially for individuals on the spectrum. Autistic individuals often use literal language when speaking, but neurotypical individuals have a tendency to misinterpret it in a way that creates a negative feedback loop. In this blog post, we will discuss this frustration in detail and explore actionable insights for improving communication between autistic and neurotypical individuals.

Literal language vs. Figurative Language

Literal language refers to words that are used in their most basic and straightforward meaning. Figurative language, on the other hand, refers to words that are used in a non-literal way to create a specific effect or meaning. For example, the phrase “it’s raining cats and dogs” is figurative language that means it is raining heavily, but the words “cats” and “dogs” are not meant to be taken literally.

Autistic individuals often prefer to use literal language in their communication because it is more precise and less open to interpretation. However, neurotypical individuals have a tendency to rely on figurative language in their day-to-day communication. This creates a disconnect between the two groups, leading to frustration and misunderstanding.

Misinterpretation and Generalization

When neurotypical individuals encounter literal language from autistic individuals, they have a tendency to generalize it. Generalization refers to taking a specific instance or example and applying it to an entire group or situation. In the case of literal language, neurotypical individuals may assume that all autistic individuals communicate in a literal way, which is not necessarily true.

For example, if an autistic individual says “I’m going to the store,” a neurotypical individual may ask “Oh, are you flying or driving?” assuming that the individual meant a long distance. However, the autistic individual may have just meant that they were walking to the store, leading to confusion and frustration.

The Negative Feedback Loop

Misinterpretation and generalization lead to a negative feedback loop between autistic and neurotypical individuals. The loop begins with the autistic individual using literal language, which is then misinterpreted by the neurotypical individual. The neurotypical individual then returns the misinterpretation to the autistic individual, who then becomes frustrated and feels misunderstood. This negative feedback loop can lead to breakdowns in communication and contribute to social isolation for autistic individuals.

Actionable Insights for Improving Communication

Improving communication between autistic and neurotypical individuals requires a willingness to learn and adapt. Here are some actionable insights for improving communication:

1. Educate yourself on autism and communication differences

Neurotypical individuals can benefit from learning more about autism and the differences in communication styles. This can help to reduce misunderstandings and frustration. There are many resources available online and in books that can provide valuable insights into autism and communication.

2. Clarify and ask questions

When speaking with someone on the spectrum, it is important to clarify and ask questions to ensure that you understand what they are saying. This can help to avoid misinterpretation and generalization. It is also important to be patient and allow time for the individual to process and respond.

3. Use visual aids and concrete examples

Autistic individuals often respond well to visual aids and concrete examples. This can help to make communication more precise and reduce the potential for misunderstandings. For example, if you are discussing a specific location, showing a map or a picture can help to clarify the conversation.

Case Study: Amanda Gorman

Amanda Gorman, the poet who performed at the 2021 presidential inauguration, has publicly discussed her experience with being on the autism spectrum. She has also spoken about how she uses her love of language to communicate and connect with others. Gorman’s success and visibility can help to raise awareness about autism and the importance of accommodating different communication styles.

Improving communication between autistic and neurotypical individuals requires a willingness to learn and adapt. Neurotypical individuals can educate themselves about autism and communication differences, clarify and ask questions, and use visual aids and concrete examples to help make communication more precise. By working together, we can break the negative feedback loop and create a more inclusive society.

John